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Daniel Clay, PhD
118 Hill Hall
Columbia, MO 65211
Phone 573-882-8524
Fax 573-884-5785
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Roberta J. Scholes

Roberta J. Scholes



Associate Teaching Professor


16B Hill Hall
(573) 884-6269
E-mail: ScholesR@missouri.edu

Research Areas


  • Teacher Preparation
  • Charter Schools
  • Teacher Accountability

Academic Background


Ph.D. from the University of Missouri-Columbia, 1995, with an emphasis in Educational Psychology (Learning & Instruction)

Master of Education from the University of Missouri-Columbia, 1991, with an emphasis in Counseling Psychology

B.S. from Columbia College-Columbia, MO, 1988, majoring in Business Administration

Associate in Science from Columbia College-Columbia, MO, 1987, in Computing Information Systems



Published Works


Articles in Refereed Journals
Bennett, L. & Scholes, R. (2001). Goals and attitudes related to technology use in a social studies method course. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 1(3), [Online serial]  Available: http://www.ciejournal.org/vol1/iss3/currentissues/socialstudies/article1/htm

Kardash, C.A.M. & Scholes, R.J. (1996).  Effects of pre-existing beliefs, epistemological beliefs, and need for cognition on interpretation of controversial issues.  Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 260-271.
 
Kardash, C.A.M., & Scholes, R.J. (1995).  Effects of pre-existing beliefs and repeated readings on belief change, comprehension, and recall of persuasive text. Contemporary Educational Psychology,  20, 201-221.

Reid, J.C., Klachko, D.M., Kardash, C.A.M., Robinson, R. D., Scholes, R.J., & Howard, D. (1995).  Why people don't learn from diabetes literature: Influence of text and reader characteristics.  Patient Education and Counseling, 25, 31-38.

Reid, J.C., Ringenberg, Q.S., Kardash, C.A.M., Robinson, R.D., Scholes, R.J., & Kunz, C. (1994). Why are some pamphlets hard for patients to read.  Missouri Medicine, 91, (9), 589-592.

Reid, J. C., Kardash, C.A.M., Robinson, R. D., & Scholes, R. J. (1994). Comprehension in patient literature: The importance of text and reader characteristics.  Health Communication, 6, (4), 327-335.

Ringenberg, Q.S., Kunz, C., Reid, J.C., Kardash, C.A.M., Robinson, R.D., Scholes, R.J., & Youn, I. (1992). What makes educational pamphlets for lung cancer patients so hard to read?  Journal of Cancer Education,  7, 32.
Technical Report
Scholes, R.J. (1997). Test preparation activities and their effects on ACT Assessment scores. Iowa City, IA: ACT Inc.
Under Submission
Bennett, L., Scholes, R.J., Barrow, L. (2006). An Analysis of Social Studies Education Faculty Positions. Submitted to Theory and Research in Social Education.


Presentations


National Conferences (Refereed Papers):   
Scholes, R.J. & Carr, D. (2003). Mid-preparation Portfolios: Who Is Successful and Why? Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, New Orleans, January.

Bennett, L. & Scholes, R.J. (2002). The Students’ Perspective: Online versus Onsite Graduate Social Studies Education Courses. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, April.

Scholes, R.J. (2002). Pass-Rates and Inter-rater Scores: A Look at the Data. Paper Presented at symposium Midpreparation Portfolios for Preservice Teachers: Continuing To Refine Accountability in Teacher Preparation at the Annaul Meeting of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, New York, February.

Bennett, L. & Scholes, R.J. (2000). Students’ Perceptions on Integrating Technology Into Undergraduate Elementary Social Studies Education. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, April.

McCoy, T.R. & Scholes, R.J. (1999). Differential effects of test preparation activities and subject content on ACT Assessment scores. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada, April.

Scholes, R.J. & McCoy, T.R. (1998). The effects of type, length, and content of test preparation activities on ACT Assessment scores. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, April.

Dahir, C., Campbell, C., Johnson, C., Scholes, R.J., & Valiga, M. (1997). Supporting a nation of learners: The development of national standards for school counseling programs. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American     Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL, March.

Scholes, R.J. & Lain, M. M. (1997). The effects of test preparation activities on ACT Assessment scores.  Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL, March.

Scholes, R.J. & Kardash, C.A.M. (1996).  The effect of topic interest on the relationship between text-based interest and importance in text comprehension.  Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New York City, NY, April.

Kardash, C.A.M. & Scholes, R.J. (1995).  Effects of pre-existing attitudes, epistemological beliefs, and need for cognition on interpretation of controversial issues.  Invited paper for the symposium, The multiple roles of epistemological beliefs in cognition insided and outside the classroom. Ruth Garner, Chair. Symposium presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA, April.

Scholes, R.J. & Kardash, C.A.M. (1995).  Graduate students' perceptions of volitional strategies which aid persistence in completing degrees.  Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA,  April.
 
Kardash, C.A.M., & Scholes, R.J. (1994).  Effects of pre-existing beliefs and repeated readings on belief change, comprehension, and recall of persuasive text.  Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA, April.

Reid, J.C., Scholes, R.J., Kardash, C.A.M., & Robinson, R.D. (1994).  Why patients don't learn from medical literature: Influence of text and reader characteristics.  Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA, April.

Scholes, R.J., Kardash, C.A.M., & Hardy, B.E. (1994). The relationship between Undergraduates’ use of volitional control strategies and their beliefs about knowledge and learning. Paper presented at the National Consortium for Cognition and Instruction, New Orleans, LA, April.
Regional Meetings (Refereed Papers)
Multon, K.D., Scholes, R.J., Koller, J., & Holliday, G. (1994).  Behavioral assessment of vocational rehabilitation clients with learning disabilities.  Annual Meeting of the Mid-Western Educational Research Association, Chicago, IL,  October.


Awards and Honors


High Flyer Teaching Award - College of Education (2000-2005)

Undergraduate Instructor of the Year - College of Education (2004)

Professional Presentation Travel Fellowship - Graduate School (1995)

Superior Graduate Student Achievement Award - Graduate School (1994)

Who's Who Among Students in American Universities & Colleges (1993)

Kappa Delta Pi Honor Society in Education (1991)